Technical Information
Licensed low-power radio equipment testing
[ 12-20-2024 ]
For licensed low-power radio devices, the testing methods usually involve multiple aspects to ensure the compliance and performance of the equipment. Here are some common testing methods:
1. Radiofrequency testing
Choose the appropriate test laboratory: When conducting radio frequency testing, it is usually necessary to conduct testing through an FCC-certified laboratory (usually called an FCC-approved laboratory or NVLAP laboratory). These laboratories have the equipment and qualifications required to perform radio frequency testing required by the FCC.
Test sample preparation: A complete sample device needs to be provided, the device should work as expected, and be prepared for frequency testing. At the same time, the technical parameters of the device, such as operating frequency range, transmission power, antenna gain, etc. must be provided.
Test environment: FCC-certified laboratories will conduct tests in an anechoic chamber to ensure that there are no external interference sources.
Test frequency band selection: Scan and detect specific frequency bands based on the operating frequency of the device. For example, portable audio equipment usually operates in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands.
RF radiation test: Use a spectrum analyzer to scan the RF signal of the device in the working state to see if it meets the FCC radiation standards.
Signal strength measurement: Measure the strength of the RF signal emitted by the device to ensure that it is within the limits specified by the FCC.
Frequency range test: Check whether the device transmits signals within the expected frequency range to ensure that it does not exceed the frequency band specified by the FCC.
Non-radiative test and interference test: If the device only receives signals and has no transmission function, radiation testing is usually not required, but it is still necessary to verify compliance with the FCC's electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. At the same time, interference tests are performed on the device's receiver and transmitter to ensure that the device does not have adverse effects on other communication devices.
2. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing
Electromagnetic compatibility testing is an important method to evaluate whether radio equipment can work properly in an electromagnetic environment and does not interfere with other equipment. Common EMC testing standards include EN301489 series standards, etc. These tests usually involve the following aspects:
Conducted emission test: Evaluate the electromagnetic interference transmitted by the device through the power line or other conductors.
Radiated emission test: Evaluate the electromagnetic interference propagated by the device through space.
Immunity test: Evaluate the performance stability of the device when it is subjected to external electromagnetic interference.
3. Hazardous substance detection (such as ROHS test)
ROHS test is an important method to evaluate whether radio equipment contains hazardous substances (such as lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc.). Its testing process usually includes steps such as sample preparation, data collection, test implementation, result analysis, and result feedback. Through ROHS testing, it can ensure that the equipment meets environmental protection regulations and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.
4. Other tests
In addition to the above tests, other tests may also be involved, such as:
Electrical safety test: evaluate the electrical safety performance of the equipment, such as insulation resistance, grounding resistance, etc.
Environmental adaptability test: evaluate the performance stability of the equipment under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc.
Mechanical strength test: evaluate the mechanical strength of the equipment, such as drop, extrusion and other tests.
In summary, the test methods for licensed low-power radio equipment involve multiple aspects, including radio frequency detection, electromagnetic compatibility detection, harmful substance detection and other tests. These test methods together constitute a comprehensive system of equipment testing to ensure the compliance, safety and performance stability of the equipment.
1. Radiofrequency testing
Choose the appropriate test laboratory: When conducting radio frequency testing, it is usually necessary to conduct testing through an FCC-certified laboratory (usually called an FCC-approved laboratory or NVLAP laboratory). These laboratories have the equipment and qualifications required to perform radio frequency testing required by the FCC.
Test sample preparation: A complete sample device needs to be provided, the device should work as expected, and be prepared for frequency testing. At the same time, the technical parameters of the device, such as operating frequency range, transmission power, antenna gain, etc. must be provided.
Test environment: FCC-certified laboratories will conduct tests in an anechoic chamber to ensure that there are no external interference sources.
Test frequency band selection: Scan and detect specific frequency bands based on the operating frequency of the device. For example, portable audio equipment usually operates in the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands.
RF radiation test: Use a spectrum analyzer to scan the RF signal of the device in the working state to see if it meets the FCC radiation standards.
Signal strength measurement: Measure the strength of the RF signal emitted by the device to ensure that it is within the limits specified by the FCC.
Frequency range test: Check whether the device transmits signals within the expected frequency range to ensure that it does not exceed the frequency band specified by the FCC.
Non-radiative test and interference test: If the device only receives signals and has no transmission function, radiation testing is usually not required, but it is still necessary to verify compliance with the FCC's electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. At the same time, interference tests are performed on the device's receiver and transmitter to ensure that the device does not have adverse effects on other communication devices.
2. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing
Electromagnetic compatibility testing is an important method to evaluate whether radio equipment can work properly in an electromagnetic environment and does not interfere with other equipment. Common EMC testing standards include EN301489 series standards, etc. These tests usually involve the following aspects:
Conducted emission test: Evaluate the electromagnetic interference transmitted by the device through the power line or other conductors.
Radiated emission test: Evaluate the electromagnetic interference propagated by the device through space.
Immunity test: Evaluate the performance stability of the device when it is subjected to external electromagnetic interference.
3. Hazardous substance detection (such as ROHS test)
ROHS test is an important method to evaluate whether radio equipment contains hazardous substances (such as lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls polybrominated diphenyl ethers, etc.). Its testing process usually includes steps such as sample preparation, data collection, test implementation, result analysis, and result feedback. Through ROHS testing, it can ensure that the equipment meets environmental protection regulations and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.
4. Other tests
In addition to the above tests, other tests may also be involved, such as:
Electrical safety test: evaluate the electrical safety performance of the equipment, such as insulation resistance, grounding resistance, etc.
Environmental adaptability test: evaluate the performance stability of the equipment under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc.
Mechanical strength test: evaluate the mechanical strength of the equipment, such as drop, extrusion and other tests.
In summary, the test methods for licensed low-power radio equipment involve multiple aspects, including radio frequency detection, electromagnetic compatibility detection, harmful substance detection and other tests. These test methods together constitute a comprehensive system of equipment testing to ensure the compliance, safety and performance stability of the equipment.