Oryza sativa, also known as rice or rice, is an edible grain that is an annual herbaceous plant with a warm and humid nature. It is commonly referred to as "rice" or "millet" in southern China, and the shelled grain is rice. After cooking, it is called rice (according to the Northern Chinese way of speaking) or white rice (according to the Southern Chinese way of speaking). Rice is one of the main food crops in China, with a long planting history and planting area. Rice is not only food, but also a raw material for brewing and making maltose. Half of the world's population consumes it. Mainly in Asia, southern Europe, tropical America, and parts of Africa. The total production accounts for the third place in the world's food crop production, lower than corn and wheat, but able to sustain a large population. Therefore, the United Nations has designated 2004 as the "International Rice Year". Rice is a finished product made from rice through processes such as cleaning, hulling, milling, and finishing. The embryo and aleurone layer of rice contains nearly 64% of rice nutrition and over 90% of the necessary nutrients for the human body, making it the main food for people in the south